ASPIRATION PICTURE AND CLIMATE ADAPTATION:  HOUSEHOLDS’ INCREMENTAL STRATEGIES IN CLIMATE-RESILIENT HOUSING IN RURAL COASTAL BANGLADESH

Jati Mallick; Abu Towab Md. Shahriar; A.K. M. Mamunur Rashid; Sirazoom Munira

doi:10.53808/KUS.2024.21.01.1012-se

Authors

Jati Mallick Department of Architecture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh
Abu Towab Md. Shahriar Department of Architecture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh
A.K. M. Mamunur Rashid UNDP, Iraq
Sirazoom Munira Global Centre on Adaptation, Netherlands

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53808/KUS.2024.21.01.1012-se

Keywords:

Coastal Vulnerabilities, Climate Adaptation, Climate Change, Climate Resilient Housing, Incremental Housing, Social Adaptation

Abstract

While housing is a critical component of incremental climate change adaptation, identified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), climate resilient housing implementation is widely focused on the module's safety and modularity, ignoring the beneficiaries' social adaption process underscored by incremental housing ideas. The study explores the incremental adaptation strategies employed by households in climate-vulnerable rural coastal Bangladesh to understand the complex adaptation attitudes of households in social or climate adaptation. The study uses a case study approach with qualitative methods encompassing household interviews, focus group discussions, and in-depth observation on 10 self-built homesteads, 10 Government of Bangladesh (GoB) provided, and 10 United Nations Development Program (UNDP) provided housing modules at Koyra, Khulna. The study observes that households adopt distinct adaptation strategies depending on sittings, roofs, walls, foundations, bedrooms, kitchens, and toilets of modules, which are prone to climate exposure and sensitivity. Therefore, households tackle the delicate complexity of the aspiration picture and social and climate adaptation when the residential situation is coupled with climate vulnerabilities. The study finds that the incomplete nature of a module allows for more aspiration achievement, while a more complete module leads to aspiration adjustments by changing attitudes toward the aspiration picture. This study underscores that in the design of climate-resilient housing modules, it is essential to consider a minimalist approach that can produce more robust climate-resilient homesteads while offering better opportunities for household engagement to enhance knowledge for building back better and safer.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adriaanse, C. C. M. (2007). Measuring residential satisfaction: a residential environmental satisfaction scale (RESS). Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 22(3), 287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-007-9082-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-007-9082-9

Ahmed, I., & Charlesworth, E. R. (2015). An evaluation framework for assessing resilience of post-disaster housing. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 6(3), 300–312. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJDRBE-11-2013-0042 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJDRBE-11-2013-0042

Akande, O. K., Obi-George, L. ., Ahmed, S., Nwokorie, A. ., & Makun, C. . (2023). Flood Vulnerability and Adaptation Practices of Residential Areas in Abuja, Nigeria. Khulna University Studies, 20(1), 111–129. https://doi.org/10.53808/kus.2023.20.01.2225-se DOI: https://doi.org/10.53808/KUS.2023.20.01.2225-se

Alananga, S., Lucian, C., & Kusiluka, M. M. (2015). Significant cost-push factors in owner-built incremental housing construction in Tanzania. Construction Management and Economics, 33(8), 671–688. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2015.1090007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2015.1090007

Atamewan, E. E., & Olagunju, R. E. (2017). Incremental Construction for Sustainable Low-Income Housing Delivery in Developing Countries: a Case Study of Bayelsa State Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering, 30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.20.3.18208

Azizibabani, M. hossein, & Bemanian, M. reza. (2019). The Effects of Incremental Housing Approach on the Level of Residential Satisfaction. Iconarp International J. of Architecture and Planning, 7(1), 205–225. https://doi.org/10.15320/iconarp.2019.73 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2019.73

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.

Fleury-Bahi, G., Félonneau, M. L., & Marchand, D. (2008). Processes of place identification and residential satisfaction. Environment and Behavior, 40(5), 669–682. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916507307461 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916507307461

Friend, R., & Macclune, K. (2013). Climate Resilience Framework. www.i-s-e-t.org/publications

Gautam, D., Prajapati, J., Paterno, K. V., Bhetwal, K. K., & Neupane, P. (2016). Disaster resilient vernacular housing technology in Nepal. Geoenvironmental Disasters, 3(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40677-016-0036-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40677-016-0036-y

Hakim, S. S. (2009). Sustainability of Assisted Shelter Projects in Post-Cyclone Communities: the Southkhali Case, Bangladesh. BRAC University Journal, 1(1), 85–95. http://dspace.bracu.ac.bd/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10361/456/Sheikh.Serajul.Hakim.pdf?sequence=1

Hamid, G. M., & Mohamed Elhassan, A. A. (2014). Incremental housing as an alternative housing policy: evidence from Greater Khartoum, Sudan. International Journal of Housing Policy, 14(2), 181–195. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616718.2014.908576 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616718.2014.908576

Holling, C. S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. The Future of Nature: Documents of Global Change, 4(1), 245–256. https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300188479-023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300188479-023

IPCC. (2023). Cities, Settlements and Key Infrastructure. In Climate Change 2022 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009325844.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009325844.008

Jalem, K., & Mishra, S. K. (2020). Climate Resilient Housing—An Alternate Option to Cope With Natural Disasters: A Study in Fani Cyclonic Storm Affected Areas of Odisha. Sustainable Development Practices Using Geoinformatics, 243–252. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119687160.ch16 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119687160.ch16

Le, T. D. N. (2020). Climate change adaptation in coastal cities of developing countries: characterizing types of vulnerability and adaptation options. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 25(5), 739–761. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-019-09888-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-019-09888-z

Manyena, S. B. (2006). The concept of resilience revisited. Disasters, 30(4), 434–450. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0361-3666.2006.00331.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0361-3666.2006.00331.x

McArthur, M., & Stratford, E. (2021). Housing aspirations, pathways, and provision: contradictions and compromises in pursuit of voluntary simplicity. Housing Studies, 36(5), 714–736. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2020.1720614 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2020.1720614

Mileti, D. (1999). Disasters by design: A reassessment of natural hazards in the United States. Joseph Henry Press.

Moench, M. (2014). Experiences applying the climate resilience framework: Linking theory with practice. Development in Practice, 24(4), 447–464. https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2014.909385 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2014.909385

Nagaishi, M. (2006). Report on the UN World Conference on Disaster Reduction-JICA’s Cooperation for Disaster Reduction in Developing Countries. TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT-TOKYO-ENGLISH EDITION-, 19, 86.

Parvin, A., Hakim, S. S., & Islam, M. A. (2022). Policy, design, and way of life in resettlement projects: The case of Ashrayan, Bangladesh. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 77, 103073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103073 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103073

Paton, D., Smith, L., & Violanti, J. (2000). Disaster response: risk, vulnerability and resilience. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 9(3), 173–180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09653560010335068

Pearson, L., & Pelling, M. (2015). The UN Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030: Negotiation Process and Prospects for Science and Practice. Journal of Extreme Events, 02(01), 1571001. https://doi.org/10.1142/S2345737615710013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/S2345737615710013

PMO. (2023). Design- Ashrayan II Project. Prime Minister’s Office. https://ashrayanpmo.gov.bd/site/files/afca7d3e-7249-4f82-88c3-1b7030dbb93f/Design-&-Estimate

Preece, J., Crawford, J., McKee, K., Flint, J., & Robinson, D. (2020). Understanding changing housing aspirations: a review of the evidence. Housing Studies, 35(1), 87–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2019.1584665 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2019.1584665

Priemus, H. (1986). Housing as a social adaptation process: A Conceptual Scheme. Environment and Behavior, 18(1), 31–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916586181002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916586181002

Saha, S. K., & Ballard, C. (2021). Cyclone aila and post-disaster housing assistance in Bangladesh. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158604 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158604

Sultan, S. M. N., & Maharjan, K. L. (2022). Cyclone-Induced Disaster Loss Reduction by Social Media: A Case Study on Cyclone Amphan in Koyra Upazila, Khulna District, Bangladesh. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(21). https://doi.org/10.3390/su142113909 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su142113909

Tran, T. A. (2015). Post-disaster housing reconstruction as a significant opportunity to building disaster resilience: a case in Vietnam. Natural Hazards, 79(1), 61–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1826-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1826-3

Tran, T. A. (2016). Developing Disaster Resilient Housing in Vietnam: Challenges and Solutions. In Developing Disaster Resilient Housing in Vietnam: Challenges and Solutions (Issue 1). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26743-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26743-2

Tran, T. A., Phong, T. V. G., & Mulenga, M. (2014). Community consultation for climate resilient housing: A comparative case study in Vietnam. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 10(PA), 201–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2014.09.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2014.09.012

Tyler, S., & Moench, M. (2012). A framework for urban climate resilience. Climate and Development, 4(4), 311–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2012.745389 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2012.745389

Wibowo, A. H., & Larasati, D. (2018). Incremental Housing Development; An Approach in Meeting the Needs of Low Cost Housing in Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 152(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/152/1/012006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/152/1/012006

Wildavsky, A. B. (1988). Searching for safety (Vol. 10). Transaction publishers. https://books.google.co.th/books?hl=en&lr=&id=rp6U8JsPlM0C&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=It+involves+coping+without+unforeseen+dangers+and+bouncing+back+(Wildavsky+1991),+&ots=0_n2NoJ3FS&sig=itk-FzrFRZUfdXEsmBLv8uqHr7E&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

Wilson, R. S., Herziger, A., Hamilton, M., & Brooks, J. S. (2020). From incremental to transformative adaptation in individual responses to climate-exacerbated hazards. Nature Climate Change, 10(3), 200–208. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0691-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0691-6