MORPHOMETRY, HABITAT AND STANDING CROP OF Porteresia coarctata AT BAKKHALI ESTUARY, COX’S BAZAR, BANGLADESH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53808/KUS.2007.8.2.0726-LKeywords:
Porteresia coarctata, shoots density, biomass, Bakkhali estuaryAbstract
Morphology, habitat, shoot density and standing crop (above and below ground biomass) of salt marsh Porteresia coarctata at Bakkhali estuary, Cox’s Bazar were investigated from January 2006 to June 2006. Permanent plots of 50 m x 50 m from exposed (station I) and protected (station II) areas were selected. P. coarctata was found growing as monospecific stand and four-species association with seagrass Halophila beccarii, patches of mangroves (Avicennia alba, A. marina and Acanthus ilicifolius) and the seaweed Ulva intestinalis in the intertidal sandy clay substrate. P. coarctata also grew in three-species association with mangrove and seaweed, or with seagrass and seaweed as well as in two-species association with seagrass and Imperata cylindrica. The range of mean leaf length, internodes length of rhizome and individual shoot height were found 8.10-14.49 cm, 0.91-1.41 cm and 12.90-20.94 cm, respectively. The mean shoot density varied from 925.0 to 1545.0 shoots m-2. The mean above and below ground biomass were 23.28-38.02 g DW (Dry Weight) m-2 and 60.26-97.39 g DW m-2, respectively. The pore water salinity, pH and NH4-N were recorded 17.0-41.66‰, 6.0-6.47 and 1.80-3.70 µg l-1, respectively. The variation of morphological parameters, shoot density and standing crop of P. coarctata between the two sampling stations attributed to the differences in habitat, soil organic matter and tidal action i.e., wave and current between the stations.
Downloads
References
Abu Hena, M.K. 2006. Inventory of seagrass resources of Bangladesh, AWARE Foundation (Australia) Report. Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh, pp. 10.
Abu Hena, M.K.; Short, F.T.; Sharifuzzaman, S.M.; Hasan, M.; Rezowan, M. and Ali, M. 2007. Salt marsh and sea grass communities of Bakkhali Estuary, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 75 (1-2): 72-78.
Adams, D.A. 1963. Factors influencing vascular plant zonation in North Carolina salt marshes. Ecology, 44 (3): 445−456.
Alderson, J. and Sharp, W.C. 1994. Grass varieties in the United States, (Agriculture Handbook No. 170, USDA, SCS, Washington, D.C.
Anon. 1976. Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water. American Public Health Association (APHA), Broadway, New York.
Barbara, A.; Frasco and Good, R.E. 1982. Decomposition dynamics of Spartina alterniflora and Spartina patens in a New Jersey salt marsh. American Journal of Botany, 68: 402−406.
Bouyoucos, G.J. 1962. Hydrometer method improving for making particle size analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal, 54: 464−465.
Boyd, C. E. 1995. Bottom soils; sediment and pond aquaculture. Chapman and Hall, New York, USA, pp. 348.
Brower, J.E. and Zar, J.H. 1984. Field and laboratory methods for general ecology. Wm. C. Brown Publishers, USA, pp. 226.
Chou, L.M.; Yu, J.Y. and Loh, T.H. 2004. Impacts of sedimentation on soft-bottom benthic communities in the southern islands of Singapore. Hydrobiologia, 515: 91−106.
Das, B.; Khan, Y.S.A.; Osman, K.T.; Das, P. and Amin, N.M. 2002. Physico-chemical changes in acid sulfate soil, during semi intensive culture of Penaeus monodon Fabricius, in cleared mangrove areas of the Chakaria Sundarbans, Bangladesh. Journal of Shell Fish Research, 21 (1): 267−272.
Das, S. and Siddiqi, N.A. 1985. The mangrove and mangrove forests of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Forest Research Institute/FAO, Rome, pp. 142.
Day, J.W.J.; Hall, C.A.S.; Kemp, W.M. and Yanez-Arancibia, A. 1989. Estuarine ecology. John Wiley and Sons, pp. 558.
English, S.; Wilkison, C. and Baker, C. 1994. Survey Manual for Tropical Marine Resources. In: ASEAN-Australia Marine Science Project: Living Marine Resources. ASEAN-Australia Marine Science, AIDAB, Australian Institute of Marine Science Pub., Townsville, Australia, pp. 368.
Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Manual of the grasses of the United States, USDA, Washington, D.C., USA.
Khan, M.S. and Karim, A. 1982. Utilization of deltaic zone. In: Fredericks, M.J. Man, Land and Sea: Coastal Resource Use and Management in Asia and the Fisheries Sector in Mangrove Environment. Journal of Malaysian Economic Association, 13: 40-50.
Latha, R.; Rao, C.S.; Subramaniam, H.M.S.; Eganathan, P. and Swaminathan, M.S. 2004. Approaches to breeding for salinity tolerance - a case study on Porteresia coarctata. Annual Applied Biology, 144:177-184.
Mahmood, N. 1986. Effects of shrimp farming and other impacts on mangroves of Bangladesh. In: Proceedings of the Workshop of Strategies for the Management of Fisheries and Aquaculture in Mangrove Ecosystems, FAO Fisheries Report No. 370, pp. 46−66.
Mahmood, N.; Khan, Y.S.A. and Ahmed, M.K. 1978. Hydrology of the Karnafully estuary with special reference to prawn and other larvae of economic importance. Final Report. University Grants Commission Research Program, Dhaka, pp. 33.
Mooring, M.T.; Cooper, A.W. and Seneca, E.D. 1971. Seed germination response and evidence for high ecophenes in Spartina alternilora from North Carolina. American Journal of Botany, 58(1): 48−55.
Nelson, D.W. and Sommers, L.E.1982. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In: Pageed, A.L. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part W: Chemical and Microbiological Properties. American Society of Agronomy, Inc. Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 539−579.
Newell, S.Y. 2001. Multiyear patterns of fungal biomass dynamics and productivity within naturally decaying smooth cord grass shoots. Limnological Oceanography, 46: 573–583.
Nienhuis, P.H.; Coosen, J. and Kiswara, W. 1989. Community structure and biomass distribution of seagrasses and macrofauna in the Flores Sea, Indonesia. Netherlands Journal Sea Research, 23: 197−214.
Norhadi, I. 1993. Preliminary study of the seagrass flora of Sabah, Malaysia. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agriculture Science, 16: 111−118.
Rahman, S.; Islam, A.; Hussain, M.S. and Rahman, M.M. 1993. Some physical and chemical properties of two acid sulphate soils of Bangladesh. Dhaka University Journal of Biological Science, 2 (1): 53−59.
Rajyalakshmi, T. and Chandra, D.M. 1987. On culture of Penaeus monodon Fabricius in saline and freshwater ponds in Andhra Pradesh, India. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 57: 348−358.
Ranwell, D.S. 1967. World resource of Spartina townsendii and economic uses of Spartina marshland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 4:239 256.
Romero, J.; Perez, M.; Mateo, M.A. and Sala, E. 1994. The below grounds organs of the Mediterranean seagrass Poisidonia oceanica as biogeochemical sink. Aquatic Botany, 47:13−19.
Sanckez, J.M.; Sanleon, D.G. and Izco, J. 2001. Primary colonisation of mudflat estuaries by Spartina maritima (Curtis) Fernald in Northwest Spain: vegetation and sedimentaion accretion. Aquatic Botany, 69:15−25.
Schubauer, J.P. and Hopkinson, C.S. 1984. Above and belowground emergent macrophytes production and turnover in a coastal marsh ecosystem, Georgia. Limnological Oceanography, 29 (5): 1052−1065.
Singh, V.P. 1989. The management of fish ponds with acid sulphate soils. Asian Aquaculture, 3 (4): 4−6.
Weiss, T.E.; White, D.A. and Thien, L.B. 1979. Seasonal dynamics of salt marsh plant associations in Louisiana. Contribution of Marine Science, 22: 15.
Zafar, M. and Hasan, C.K. 2005. Organic carbon in the soils of natural and afforested mangrove of Bangladesh. The Journal of NOAMI, 22: 1−8.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Khulna University Studies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
