MODELING CARBON FLUX OF THE SUNDARBANS: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR PREDICTION OF THE SUNDARBANS’ CONTRIBUTION AND VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53808/KUS.SI.SESB.2010.141-148-lsKeywords:
Modeling, photosynthesis, respiration, Sundarbans, climate changeAbstract
Models of canopy gas exchange provide a theoretical framework for thorough analysis and interpretation of the scaling of physiological processes, enabling physiologist to extend their work to larger scales. They also fit the requirements of assessing effects of climate change on vegetation. Process-based models of forest canopy carbon uptake predict fluxes from individual leaves and canopies, and have been extended to provide estimates of carbon uptake at national and global scales. Fundamental to such models is the scaling of leaf photosynthesis to canopies by considering interception of solar radiation and leaf photosynthetic capacity. The net carbon gain of a tree canopy is the balance between carbon assimilated through photosynthesis and carbon lost through respiration. The within-canopy distribution of photosynthetic capacity is related to the distribution of leaf nitrogen, which can determine canopy-level carbon assimilation because of the nitrogen-rich photosynthetic enzyme Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase) and electron-transport capacity. Photosynthesis of a canopy element depends, amongst other things, on the biochemical capacity for photosynthesis of that element, its temperature, its carbon dioxide at the sites of carboxylation, and its absorbed irradiance. During the last decade, process-based simulation models have been increasingly used to deepen the understanding of tree growth and development. Of the processes controlling tree growth and yield represented in these models, photosynthetic capacities are always of prime importance, because they determine (along with foliage distribution) potential tree carbon gains. Furthermore, environmental variables largely control actual photosynthetic rates. Thus, developing a process-based canopy photosynthesis model for the Sundarbans calls for reliable and comprehensive information on functional relationships between leaf CO2 assimilation and plant and environmental variables of the ecosystem. Such models can be useful to predict the Sundarbans growth and carbon sequestration potential and their vulnerability to the change in climatic variables.
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